Riveting tool or engine.



PATENTEDFEB. 11, 1908. w. L. LINDSA Y.

RIVBTING TOOL 0R ENGINE.

' APPLICATION FILED MAYQ, 1905.

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- PATENTED FEB. 11, 1908. W. L. LINDSAY. RIVBTING TOOL OR ENGINE.

APPLICATION III JBD MAY9,1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

IHPJJ l PATENTED FEB. 11, 1908.

W.L. LINDSAY. 'RIVETING TOOL 0R ENGINE.

A'PPLIUATION. FILED MAY 9.1905.

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'Wiineaaw M liq/ado? 7/213 magma UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

wALTER L. LINDSAY, OF KANSAS OITY, KANSAS.

RIVETING TOOL OR ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 1 1, 1908.

Application filed May 9. 1905- Serial No. 259.610.

' Tools or Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention'relates to riveting engines, and myobject is to produce a gasolene riveting engine or tool which canbe operated with perfect safety and will perform its function reliablyand efliciently.

A further object is to produce a riveting machine which can be operated more economically than the pneumatic riveting machines in common use.

Other objects of the invention will hereinafter a pear and be pointed out in apended clitims and in order that it-may be lly understood reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1, is a central lon itudinal sectiontaken substantially on the me II of Fig. 2. Fig. 2, is an edge view of the same with the explosive mixture supply pi e in section.'

Fig. 3, is a section taken on the ine IIIIII of Fi 1. Fig. 4, is a section taken on the line I -IV of Fig. 1, with the bolt omitted which secures one of the pistons to the cross bar'carried by the main piston. Fig. 5, is a side view of a portion of the engine with certain parts shown in section. Fig. 6, is a section taken on the line VIVI of Fig. 1. Fig. 7, is a section taken on the line VII VII of Fig. 1..' Fig. 8, is a section on the line VIII of Fig. 1. Fig. 9, is a' section on the dotted line IX of Fig. 3. Fig. 10, is a detail iperspective view of adog forming a part 0 the machine.

" channel 3 and In the said drawings, 1 indicates a metallic head of steel or other suitable material and provided at its inner side with a circular chamber 2 and with a segmental channel 3, almost wholly surrounding said chamber.-

1 is a passage connecting chamber 2, with an offsetting chamber 5, of an extension of thehead, and 6, is a smaller chamber-formed in the extension of the head diametrically opposite the first-named extension; Chambeer 6 communicates through passage 7, with where it opens into said channel is enlarged to form a valve seat 8, for the yieldingly closed valve 9, of the con- I struction shown or of any other suitable or 1 preferred type.

l 10 are vertical nel 3 with a chain or side of head 1, and 12 are similar connecting the channel with the interior of the Water jacket cylinder 13, concentrically surrounding cylinder 14, secured to the head from chamber 2. v

15 is a chamber formed in the inner side of a, metallic head 16, secured to the end of cylinder 14, and water jacket 13, in any with a central passage 17, and an outwardly projecting flange 18, of greater diameter than the passage and provided with internal grooves 19 to receive the metallic packing rings 20, which are split as at 21, so that theymay be sprung inward sufiiciently to enter flange 18, and then released to permit them to' assume the position shown and provide holes corresponding in diameter with passage 17. j

22 is a'channel in head 16, nearly surrounding chamber 15, and 23 passages connecting the channel with the water 'acket, similar passa es 24 connecting the c annel with the hollow chamber, 25 at the outer side of head 16. The cap forming said chamberis provided with a central passage 26, and outwardly rojecting concentric flanges 27 and 28, the ormer being externally and the latter internally threaded, and engaging the former is a nut 29, a suitable acking 30, being held by the nut inward of ange 27.

31 is a cylinder secured to the head 1 and communicating at one end with chamber 6 thereof, and at its opposite end with chamber 32 of the extension of head 16, and said cylinder communicates through 0 ening 33, with channel 22, said opening eing enlarged to form a valve seat 34, for engagement normally by a yieldingly advanced valve 35, of the type shown or of any other suitable or preferred type, the stem'of said valve being guided in a skeleton artition sponding part of valve 9.

Communicating with chamber 6, through a passage 37 in the screw-plug 38, closing an opening 'inone extension of head 1, 1s a water supply pipe 39, and 40 is a valve norand communicating with and projecting mally closing the passage 37, under the pres-.

1passages connecting chan- 11, formed at the outer passages suitable manner, and said head is provided 36, or it may be supported like t e corresure of a spring 41, surrounding the stem of the valve and bearing at its opposite ends against pipe 39 andthe nut 42 on the stem.

A similar or equivalent water supply pi e 43 communicates with chamber 32 at t e,

a pasopposite end of the cylinder 31 through and a sage 44 in the extensionof the hea 'valve mechanismsimilar in all respects to or the equivalent of the valve mechanism closing passage 37, is employed to yieldingly close passage 44.

Head 16 is provided with an extensionforming a chamber 45 in alinement with chamber 5, and said head is formed with a projection 46, having a passage 47-, communicating with chamber 45, and with the upper end of' a cylinder 48 connecting the ion itudinally alined extensions of the hea s.

The opposite endof passage 47 commnni- 1n the upper end of cylinder 14.

" skeleton guide 55, and is provided with a posite ends against t the collar to hold collar oi nut 56, and with a spring-57-bearing ,at its opposite ends against the skeleton guide and the collar or nut to hold the valve yieldingly seated and therefore closing communication between the upper ends of cylinders 14 and 48. A similar valve 58, for

vsists of the longitudinal arm 86, having a valve seat 53, has astem extending through a skeleton guide 59, and'is provided with a collar 60, and a springl61, bearing at its ope skeleton guide and said valve normally on its seat 53. 1 Y

62 is a screw'ring secured in the lower end of the right hand extension of head 1, and

provided with a valve seat 63, and-a skeleton partition 64.. .65 is a valve engaging said seat and held yieldingly thereon by the spring 66 pressing against the skeleton pap tltion at one end andagainst the'arm 67 of the slide frame 68, said arm beingrsecured rigidly to the stem of said valve. he slide frame is mounted in guide loops 69 formed integral with the heads, and at its free end is provided with an arm 70 piojectin -into the path of cross bar 71, secured rigidly to and referably entendingthrough the stem 72 o a double-headed piston 73, adapted to reciprocate vin cylinder 14, said stem extending slidingly through passage 17, assage 26, and the stuflin box contiguous t i'ereto, and also through the spring r1ngs,20, the latter preventing water from entering the cylinder 14, and the stufiing'box. preventing water from escaping through passage v 26, the dis charge pipe for the water hein 74, and leading by preferenceg source of supply of ipes. 39 and 43;

75 is a double h extending throu h the extension ofhead 16 with a wateretig t joint and connected as at:

77 to one end of cross bar 71.

I 78 is a double headed piston in cylinder 48 and 79 the stem of said piston, said stem extending up throu h the other extension of head 16 with a gas tightjrelation, and having a cross pin 80, at its upper end. Fitting telescopically on the upper endof said stem 1 is a tube consistin of the lower portion 81,

and the upper sma er portion 82, the latter being bolted as at 83, to the contiguous end of cross bar 71. .The arts are so related that-the lower end of t e upper portion 82 of the tube is limited in its downward movement on stem 79 by striking pin 80, and the upward movement of the tube independent" of the stem 79 is limited by the retractile numbered j ack to the eaded piston in water cylinder 31, and 76 the stem of said piston spring 84 encircling the upper end of stem 79,

and bearin at its opposite ends against pin 80 and the iwer end of tube portion 81.

Interposed between stem 79 and bar 71- and fitting snugly in tube portion 82,- is an expansive spring 85. This telescopic con-. struction of the stemof piston78, is provided in order that the back stroke of piston 78,-,

may cease just before the corres onding,

stroke of piston 73 ends and also to a low the last-named piston to continue its forward stroke after the corresponding stroke of the piston 78 is ended. g

A substantially stair-shapedbracket, conlongitudinal slot 87, through which bar 71 pro ects, a laterally projecting arm 88, an d a longitudinal arm 89 mounted in'the guide loop 90, of head 16, and terminating in a beveled or cam end 91 for engagement with the outwardly projecting-stem of valve 58, so as to unseat said valve at times and hold it unseated against the resistance of spring61 and at t e other pressing against said dog, and thus release the slide-frame, for a purpose hereinafter explained.

99 is a ring secured in the lower end of the I cylinder 48, and 100 a screw, lug secured int e lower end of said ring an provided with a valve 101, of the same type of construction as and directly opposite to valve 65 herein;

before described, that is to say, said valve. 101- is held with a yielding pressure against its seat so as to close communication between chamber- 5 and the lower end of cylinder 48. r

' I 102 is a pipe leading from acarbureter or other source of explosive gas supply, not

i showii, and connected by a coupling103, to

" provided with longitudinal slots 109, to perpipes 104 and. 105 communicating with the ends of cylinder 48 and said pipes are pro-,

.vided respectively with check valves 106 and 107 of the type shown or of any other suitable type whichwill automatically close to prevent gas from passing back through said pipes into pipe 102. I p 108 is a sleeve screwed or'otherwise rigidly secured at its lower end in flange 28 and disposedconcentrically of piston stem 72, and

mit of the reciprocation of cross bar71ex tending throu hsaid'slots. T

110 1s a col ar secured to the upper'end of sleeve -108' and provided with an inwardly pliojecting flange 11'1 embracingthe reducede d 112 of a tappet 113, fittin in the sleeve,-

said 'tappet being normally he d against said.

flange by means of the spring 114 bearing at insulating rin ol i its opposite ends against the'tappet and the 115 secured rigidly'in the sleeve and h ng-concentrically. therein the upper end of the inner guide lsleeve, 1416,

n substantiall fitting snugly-upon the piston stem 72,- andl provided with guide slots 117 f0r. the move ment of crossbar 71, a helical 1spri fitting between the innenandseititeris sevea andbearing at its opposite endsagamstzthe" insulati ring 115, and crossbar Tilt-serving principal y as a means for holding the piston y the position shown hen-the machine is not inuse. 119 is a recess in insulating ring 11'5',-an'd seated in said recess upon aspring 120gtherein, is the enlarged end of a pin 121,,a plate. 122

- her 2 but insulate jects into the'chambe'r 1'5 and 1s. connected with the battery 'y the wire 126Iwhic'h'is shown as joined to the wire 125." 2

Secured to the heads of'cylinder ldare i spring contacts-128 held normally by the springactiom'out of contact with theirre spective pins :124 and 127, and adapted n:

trnately to be struck by the; istbn 73yand pr edneurlv into contact wit said. pins; 1

For the purpose of permitting the operator Q to support the heavy end of the machine properly and at the same time largely ab- Sorb the fkick ,or vibratory action'and pro mote hisicomfort and convenience, I provide a pair of headed bars 129 projecting from the head 1, and joined-by a connecting bar 130, mounted on said bars and provided with a a helical spring handle 131. p t

132 are headed sleeves upon the headed bars and 133 are expansive springs upon the bars and bearing at their 0 posite. ends against said headed sleeves an the ends of the connecting bar 130. With this type of handleit will'be ap arent that the kick of the tool will be a 'so'rbedby 8. rings 133 and. that spring131 ,will also yie d to some extent to absorbaportion "of. the vibration and it willalsobe understood that by reason of the skeleton formation of. the handle'portion 131, air is free to circulate around it and therefore-tends to prevent it getting too hot to hold, by conduction from the engine.

For the: sr'operlyxlu ric'ated; the pistons 'ar'e'of the 'ouble -'heade'd' type as hereinbefore' exurpose ofkeeping the pistons .90

plained and a suitable packing134 is fitted I around thereduced portion of-each piston betweenits heads; The oil-cup 1351sh'own only in connection with the-main cylinderis secured'to the cylinder about midway its length so that its discharge end is always clcvered by'one of-theheadsof the iston or t e fitting so tightly: as to cut ofiuthe s'u ply of oil, so that practically all. of the oil tli tons.

In the practical operation of,=the machine a 'wewi-ll assumethat the parts are in the position shown,- that is, that a charge ofgas or explosive mixture is compressed in chainber2,,. that the pressure thus produced holds Backing-between said heads, t e;heads at en-w. tersthe cyhnders' will be that which is absor 'dby the packing and is distributed on .t'h interiorfaces offthe cylindersby such" packing during the reciprocation of the pisvalves 65 and 101 closed, and that the de pressed stairshaped bracket holds-valve 58 "OH its, seat and through such valve locks valve 54- closed. Also that bottom contact pin 124 and'plate128 are close together and contact pin 121is outiof engagement with 'tappet 113..

hand .grasping the-handle and the other sleeve 108, presses the tappet against ,the-

rivet to be upset,not shown, andthereby causes said tappet; to move back almost to Assuming now that the operator one 1 the insulating. ring 115,s o as to be within striking distance of the piston stem 1752-1.

When'the tappet is broughtback against the pin 121, the circuit from. the battery-iis om pleted through the metal arts of themachine to the plate "l28 and t e pin 124 so that vhenthe .piston moves theplate springs im stem of the last -named piston, the latter does not make as long a stroke as piston 73.

After piston 78 ceases to move upward, the spring 84 yields to permit of further movement of piston 73 ,-the spring being comressed between cross pin 80 and the bottom of tube 81, as will be readily understood. Now as the upward strokes of the piston occur, the explosive mixture above piston 78 is compressed and seats check valve 107, and the air above piston 73 is forced through passage 51, and passage 52 to the atmosphere and shortly before the upward movement of piston 73 ceases, cross bar 71 reaches the forward end of slot 87 and pushes the stairshaped bracket upward so as to permit spring 61 to close valve 58 against its seat, the seat 'ing of said valve being accompanied by the unseating of valve 54 under the pressure of the explosive mixture in the upper end of the cylinder 48 assisted" by that of spring 57. When the valve 54 is unseated the explosive mixture enters chamber 15 until the, pressure in the upper ends of the two cylinders. is equalized when the continued advance of the piston 73, produces a preponderance of pressure in cylinder 14 and eflectsthe closure of valve 54 about the same instant the upward movement of bar 71 by engagement with arm 70 moves the slide-frame 68 and unseats valve 65, and the piston 73 presses the upper contact plate 128 close to the juxe taposed pin 127', these last-named events occurring at about the same instant that piston stem 72 strikes the tappet as hereinbefore-explained, it being understood in this connection that the piston stem can never strike 1 the tappet until the latter by engagement with the rivet to be upset has been pressed back into engagement with pin 121. Because of this there is no danger of the'tappet being accidentally driven forward against the flange 111 of ring 110,. which is simply employed to prevent accidental loss of the tappet and is not intended to sustain the im-.

pact thereof.

The, advance movement sisted by spring 118, employed fora purpose hereinbefore explained, and as the advance movement of the piston ceases, a spark is produced between ,the upper plate 128 and pin 127 I ture in chamber 15. It will also. be under.- stood that when the slide frame 68, is raised to unseat valve 65, said valve is adapted td of the piston is re to explode the gas or explosive mixpress against the superposed valve 101. said valve being locked 1n such relatlon by means of the arm 94 of the spring-actuated dog? which enters notch 95, of the slide-frame and locks said valve in the position described. It will also be noticed that the advance of the piston 78, not only compresses the explosive mixture in front of it, but that it draws gas into the lower end of cylinder 48 so that as the explosion in chamber 15 takes place and drives the pistons downward the gas in the lower end of cylinder 48 shall be compressed at the same time that the dead gas in cylin der 14 is forced out of said cylinder and the communicating chamber 5 through the exposed passage or opening of valve 65.

When the back stroke of the piston has been nearly completed the bar 71 reaches the bottom of 'slot 87, and slides the stair-shaped bracket downward so that its beveled lower end (see Fig. 2) shall engage the stem of valve 58 and force the same from its seat,

and at the same time the in 98 of the tubular portion of the stem 0 piston 78; by engagement with the beveled or cam end of-the pivoted dog trips said dog from the notch of slide-frame 68, so that the pressure of the explosive mixture in the lower end of cylinder 48 shall unseat valve 101 by moving it downward, and reseat valve 65 by moving it in the same direction, this movement of the .valve 65 being aided by the spring 66 around the stem of the'same. As the valves are moved gas from the lower end of cylinder 48 passes into chamber 5 and the communicatin end of cylinder 14 until the pressure is equalized, which is of course almost instantaneously. When this occurs the downward movement of piston 78 ceases, piston 73 continuing downward because of the yielding resistance oifered by spring-85,,pressing at its opposite ends against bar 71'and stem 79. This continued movement of piston 73 creates a preponderating pressure, which assisted by the spring on its stem, insures the instant reseating of valve 101 and at the same moment said piston 73 causes the lower plate 128 toapproach the pin 124 and produce a sparkprovided the tappet is repressed and in engagement with pin 121the result being an explosion in chamber 2, which again causes the advance movement of the pistons.

All future operations are repetitions of those described, and it will be noticed that as the piston 75 moves upward it draws water through pipe 39 intocharnber 6, valve 40 of course opening under the pressure and valve 44 closing. The water'in the upper end of the cylinder therefore causes valve 35 to unseat and passes into channel 22 and thence 'throu h passages 23 and 24 into water jacket 13 an chamber 25., a corresponding volume der through pipe 43, the entering water un- 1 or engine by dispensing with the 'tappet and her 1 1, the surplus water being forced through gine of course is adapted tobe equipped with from the principle of construction involved.

admitting fuel to tb e fuel cylinder,and valves closing said ports, a working piston having seats the controllin valve, while the water previously collecte in the lower end of the cylinder, unseats valve 9, and enterschannel 3, passing thence through passages '12, into the water jacketand passages 10 into chamthe discharge-pipe 74.. It will also be seen that water is kept circulating at each end of the main cylinder so as to prevent the machine becoming too hot for safe andconveniont operation.

This 'asolcne riveting tool obviously can] be readily transformed into a gasolene motor" its adjuncts and coupling the piston stem 72 to a shaft in a well known manner. The enany suitable electric sparking or other gas explosion mechanism. 1 a

From the above description it will be apparent that I have produced a machine of the character described possessing the advantageous features enumerated and which is obvlously susceptible of modification in its form, proportion, detail construction and arrangement of the parts without departing Having thus described the invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of a working cylinder, a fuel cylinder communicating directly with the working cylinder and arran ed parallel therewith, pistons in the cylin ers having their respective piston rods in parallel planes, an arm projecting laterally fromthe rod of the piston in the working cylinder, a pin in the end of the rod of the piston in the fuel cylinder, 'a tube secured to the end of the said lateral arm, fittin over the end of the fuel-cylinder piston-r0 and arranged to impinge against the said pin, a sprlng coiled around the said piston-rod between the said pin and the lower end of said tube, means for controllim the communication between the cylinders.

2. The combination of a working cylinder having an exhaust port at each end, inwardlyopening valves normally and automatically its rod projecting through the end of its cylinder, slides upon the cylinder and bearing against said valves and means carried by the piston rod to actuate said slides and thereby operatethe valves to open the ports.

' 3. The combination of a cylinder, a piston therein having its piston rod projecting through the end-of the cylinder, a normallyclosed exhaust-valve, a slide mounted on the cylinder andhaving an arm bearing against the stem of the valve, and an arm projecting from the piston rod and arranged to impinge upon said slide to actuate the same and open the valve. w

4. The combination of a working cylinder,

v a fuel cylinder communicating with the workin cylinder, pistons in the cy nders, exhaust va ves for the working cylinder, slides mounted-onthe fuel cylinder and bearing upon said valves, an arm projecting from the rod of the workin cylinder piston arranged to actuate said sli es, and means controlled by the rod of the fuel cylinder piston for locking one of said slides.

-5. The combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a normally closed exhaust-valve therefor, a slotted slide bearing upon said valve, and an arm projecting from the rod of the piston and extending through the slot of the slide to impinge against the ends of the same whereby the movement of the piston will controlthe operation of thevalve.

6 The combination of a working cylinder, a fuel cylinder, pistons therein, an exhaust valve, a notched slide mounted on the fuel cylinder and bearing u on the valve, an arm projecting from the ro of the working cylinde'r piston and arranged to actuate said slide, and a dog arranged to engage the notch in said slide and controlled by the piston in the fuel cylinder.

7. The combination of a workingcylinder, a fuel cylinder, valves at the ends of the fuel cylinder normally closing the exhausts of the workin cylinder, a-piston and piston rod in the wor ing-cylinder, an arm projecting laterally from said piston rod, a spring-pressed slide on the fuel-cylinder having an arm projecting into the path of the arm on the piston rod, and a second slide mounted on the fuel- .cylindpr and having a slotted arm through which the said arm on the piston rod. projects, said slides bearin upon said valves.

In testimony whereo I affix mysignature, in the presence of two witnesses.

' WAIITER L. LINDSAY.

Witnesses:

H. O. RODGERS, G. Y. THORPE. 

